Experiences of 30 Years in Right Trisectionectomy for Huge Liver Tumor

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Up to now, surgery remains to be the main curative strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. In this article the author summarizes his experiences of 30 years in right trisectionectomy for huge liver tumor. A total of 459 primary liver cancer patients were hepatomized in author\u27s group. Among them, 33 cases of right trisectionectomies were performed under continuous single interruption of the porta hepatis. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 71.9%, 40.6%, and 34.4%, respectively. The longest cancer-free survival of right trisectionectomy in our group is 26 years. In the author\u27s another cohort, 51 patients underwent hepatectomy without allogeneic blood transfusion. Compared with the control group containing 60 patients who underwent hepatectomy with allogeneic blood transfusion, the morbidity and recurrence rates in the group without allogeneic blood transfusion were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Surgical anatomy study of the hepatic veins and case reports are also included in this article. Taken together, it is obvious that right trisectionectomy under continuous single interruption of the porta hepatis without allogeneic blood transfusion would benefit the patient with resectable huge HCC

Path diversity improves the identification of influential spreaders

Identifying influential spreaders in complex networks is a crucial problem which relates to wide applications. Many methods based on the global information such as $k$-shell and PageRank have been applied to rank spreaders. However, most of related previous works overwhelmingly focus on the number of paths for propagation, while whether the paths are diverse enough is usually overlooked. Generally, the spreading ability of a node might not be strong if its propagation depends on one or two paths while the other paths are dead ends. In this Letter, we introduced the concept of path diversity and find that it can largely improve the ranking accuracy. We further propose a local method combining the information of path number and path diversity to identify influential nodes in complex networks. This method is shown to outperform many well-known methods in both undirected and directed networks. Moreover, the efficiency of our method makes it possible to be applied to very large systems.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Stephani Cosmology: Entropically Viable But Observationally Challenged

Inhomogeneous cosmological models such as the Stephani universes could, in principle, provide an explanation for the observed accelerated expansion of the Universe. Working with a concrete, popular model of the Stephani cosmology -- the Stephani-Dabrowski model, we found that it is entropically viable. We also comment on the energy conditions and the two-sheeted geometry of the spacetime. However, similar to the LTB models, despite satisfying the holographic principle, Stephani cosmology has difficulty satisfying all the constraints from observations.Comment: Discussion on observational constraints elaborated. Version accepted by EPJ